Socio-Economic and Humanities Studies

MEASURING THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND EFFECTIVITY

Mgr. Jozef Šimúth, PhD., Ing. Andrea Zacharová, M.B.A, PhD. — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The rapidly changing conditions in the business environment force organizations to continually innovate. Information and knowledge have become key factors affecting an organization’s performance. Organizations need to use the most suitable approach to measure the knowledge that their employees have. In the first part of this review study, the concept of knowledge is defined and the psychological processes in the acquisition, retention and retrieval of knowledge are explained. Next, tacit and explicit knowledge and methods used for measuring it are described. In the second part, the approach to measuring knowledge using the beehive model is explained. This approach can be suitable in measuring the conversion of individual employee knowledge into organization-wide knowledge. Several methods that are suitable for measuring the impact of knowledge on the performance of an organization on a financial and non-financial basis are described. Based on this analysis of knowledge measurement methods, the potentially most crucial areas and approaches to knowledge measurement are described.

ETHICAL REGULATION OF FOOD PRODUCTION AND MARKETING AS ONE OF THE CHALLENGES FOR THE EDUCATION OF AGRICULTURAL AND AGRI-FOOD EXPERTS

doc. Mgr. Eva Pechočiaková Svitačová, PhD. — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The quality and quantity of food to ensure the quality of life of the population is primarily the responsibility of entrepreneurs engaged in agriculture, agri-food and business. In their activities, entrepreneurs should also employ ethics, which, as one of the regulatory mechanisms, should regulate the production and sale of food to improve the quality of life of the population while respecting the requirement of sustainability. First, an argument is made for the need for ethical regulation of agricultural business and agri-food industry in Slovakia based on a qualitative analysis of theoretical sources in the field of ethics, applied ethics, sociology and other social sciences and humanities, and using knowledge from the field of economics and management of agriculture and food industry,. Given the lack of ethics programmes in these areas of the economy to fulfil this role, the need to implement ethics and applied ethics in the education of professionals for these areas of the economy is explained, with the aim to provide safe and quality food to the population and thus a better quality of life.

OBSERVATION OF DUE DILIGENCE, PARTICULARLY LOYALTY AND OTHER RULES PROTECTING BUSINESS COMPANIES FROM ILLEGAL AND UNETHICAL PRACTICES

prof. JUDr. Jan Ondřej, CSc., DSc. — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article discusses the prevention of illegal and other unethical acts within a commercial company by its elected bodies, especially the statutory bodies. Such acts may threaten the prosperity or even the existence of the company. Members of the elected bodies of a company have a number of obligations which, if complied with, reduce or eliminate the risk of illegal acts which may harm the interests of the company. The duties of statutory and other elected bodies include, in particular, the obligation to perform the duties of a member of the body with due care and diligence, which also includes the necessary loyalty. The requirement of loyalty implies the duty of a member of an elected body to put the interests of the company before their own interests. Necessary loyalty is relevant for assessing whether a member of an elected body is acting contrary to the interests of the company. In the event of a breach of the duty of care, the person concerned is liable to pay the damages resulting from the breach. Control by the shareholders is important to prevent breaches of the duties by members of the elected bodies, as is the exercise of control by the supervisory bodies, if they exist.

SANCTIONING OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS – 20 YEARS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF JJA

JUDr. Bronislava Coufalová, Ph.D. — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on the liability of young people for unlawful acts and on the youth justice system and on amendments to certain acts, entered its twentieth year of existence on 1 January 2023. As it appears so far, the fundamental problem in the issue of sanctioning juveniles does not lie in the shortcomings of the legislation as such, but in its use by the Czech application practice. The aim of this paper is to follow up on the monograph by Ščerba and Coufalová from 2016 and to determine whether the decisions of Czech youth courts on the issue of sanctioning juvenile offenders have seen any significant shift since 2015 in the sense of leaning towards the application of the provisions of Section 3(2) of the JJA, which provides that punitive measures may only be applied if special management methods and measures, in particular those restoring broken social relations and contributing to the prevention of unlawful acts, would not seem to achieve the purpose of this Act.

FOUCAULT’S PHILOSOPHY AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

Daniel Lenghart — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Michel Foucault has made an important contribution to psychology, especially with his analysis of power, knowledge and discourse. His critique of traditional understandings of power led to the concept of “disciplinary power”, which examines how institutions exert control over individuals through disciplinary practices. Foucault’s archaeological and genealogical methods provided insight into the historical development of psychological concepts and the role of experts in the production of knowledge. His exploration of “governmentality” revealed how psychological techniques are used to shape and control individuals in different contexts. Foucault’s work has also influenced the study of mental health, identity and agency, highlighting the impact of power dynamics on diagnoses, subjectivity and decision-making. Concepts of biopower and biopolitics shed light on the regulation of bodies and sexuality, while discourse analysis critically examines how language constructs reality and influences power relations. Foucault’s ideas have prompted psychologists to adopt more contextual and socially inclusive approaches in order to challenge essentialist views and promote social justice.

THE STATE OF TRANSPORT AND HOTELS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN HIGH INFLATION ENVIRONMENT

Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Transport, hospitality and tourism are three important industries that are closely related. Transport allows people to travel to different places for work, entertainment or education. The hotel industry provides accommodation, catering and other services to travellers. Tourism is an economic activity that uses transport and hospitality to offer attractive destinations and experiences. Together, these three sectors account for a significant portion of the world’s GDP and employment. The article discusses the effects of inflation on the transport, hotel and tourism sectors. In addition to inflation, other current problems that affect the provision of services in the researched environment are outlined.